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The Womens' Bible Commentary - The Apocalyptic Visions
The Womens' Bible Commentary - The Apocalyptic Visions
by SPCK - Newsom, Ringe and Lapsley
The Apocalyptic Visions These chapters, which were written in the very different historical circumstances of the persecution of Jews by Antiochus IV Epiphanes in 167–164 BCE, present a correspondingly different critique of power…
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Greeting
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Greeting
by SPCK - Newsom, Ringe and Lapsley
Greeting The co-authors self-identify as Paul, Sylvanus (Silas), and Timothy. Co-authorship is typical of Pauline letters (1 Thess. 1:1; Phil. 1:1; 1 Cor. 1:1; 2 Cor. 1:1; Phlm. 1; cf. Col. 1:1), implying a collaborative ethos often overlooked by biblical scholarship with its emp…
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Success Dependent on Building the Temple
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Success Dependent on Building the Temple
by SPCK - Newsom, Ringe and Lapsley
Success Dependent on Building the Temple The all-male tone of Haggai is set by the book’s opening verse, which names six men: the Persian king, two Judean leaders, their fathers, and the prophet…
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Looking Forward to the Future
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Looking Forward to the Future
by SPCK - Newsom, Ringe and Lapsley
Looking Forward to the Future With the temple building having begun, chapter 2 turns to a series of promises for the community’s future, each punctuated by a date formula. In the first oracle (2:1–9), God tells leaders and people to take courage, because the newly founded temple …
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Moral Exhortation
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Moral Exhortation
by SPCK - Newsom, Ringe and Lapsley
Moral Exhortation Typically of Pauline letters, moral exhortation (paraenesis) follows theology. The authors have heard that some members are “idle/ disorderly” (atakt?s), not “busy” (ergazomenous), but “busybodies” (periergazomenous) (3:11)…
The Womens' Bible Commentary - Insults for Tyre